Causes of Coral Reef Degradation From the International Coral Reef Initiative Report to the United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development Man-made Stresses Natural Stresses -pressure from population increase (including migration and intensified uses) -Crown of Thorns (Starfish) predator outbreaks -depletion of fish stocks -tropical storm damage -destructive fishing methods, such as dynamite blasting and poisons (cyanide) -warmer ocean temperature fluctuations resulting in coral bleaching -excessive non-point source pollution, e.g. from agricultural runoff and contamination of aquifers -earthquakes -ship-based pollution; including oil, plastics and bilge water -wave action -mangrove harvesting or displacement for aqua culture products -flooding -increased sedimentation as a result of deforestation and poor land use -flooding and surface water run-off -coral and coral sand mining -Natural Diseases -unplanned tourism-including inadequate wasted water treatment, unregulated construction, collection of corals and ornamental reef species, spear fishing, etc. Black-Band Disease Identified Hard Coral Diseases (The Coral Disease Page) offline -land based and urban construction activities including dredging, filling, and increased siltation

Table of Contents | What's a Reef Ball? | Grant Program | Corporate Sponsorships | In The News Gallery | Educational Resources | Marine Reserves | Why Reefs Die | Buy a Model

	Need more information? Contact us:
	Reef Ball Foundation 890 Hill Street Athens, GA 30606 USA	kkirbo@hotmail.com Kathy Kirbo, Executive Director
	Phone: 770-752-0202 Fax: 770-360-1328	reefball@reefball.com Todd Barber Chairman

Copyright ©1995 - 2005, Reef Ball Foundation .all rights reserved. See brochure page footer for information on patents, copyrights, trademarks and service marks referenced, but not indicated, on this page.